According to the iucn red list, santalum album is classified as vulnerable ecologically threatened as a result of its highly desirable heartwood, used for furniture, carvings, statues, incense and, sadly, essential oil. Certain cultures place great significance on its fragrant and medicinal qualities. Jul 17, 2017 few tree species have paid a higher price for celebrity than the indian sandalwood santalum album. The government has lifted ban on growing sandalwood growing and farming since 2002. This type of sandalwood tree does not have fragrant wood. Sandalwood farming project report restrictions and legal formalities in sandalwood farming. Sandalwood is a fragrant and tropical tree, and it has been in use since time immemorial. The fragrant parts of sandalwood oil constitutes of. You can use sandalwood powder for acne or skin whitening or for regular skin care. According to red sandalwood information, the tree was called algum in early days. The maximum height of sandalwood tree is to 16 meter and 100 cm to 200 cm girth. What i liked best about this book was the beautiful, descriptive.
Sandal wood name itself shows that it is a woody tree. The approximately 10 species of santalum are distributed throughout southeastern asia and the islands of the south pacific. One of the major themes of the sandalwood tree is the resilience of the indian people. The sweet powerful and lasting odor makes sandalwood oil useful in perfume industry.
The tree is not to be confused with the aromatic santalum sandalwood trees that grow natively in south india. Sandalwood chandan know the amazing health benefits it. Several tech niques for planting seeds directly in the field have also been developed. Reviving the royal tree santalum album linn santalaceae. According to red sandalwood information, red sanders is a type of sandalwood native to india. Most are root parasites which photosynthesize their own food, but tap the roots of other species for water and inorganic nutrients. Now in paperback, the sandalwood tree is an unforgettable tale of love and betrayal during the height of political unrest in india. The tree is popularly known as sandalwood tree or white sandal in english and in trade it is known as east indian sandal wood. Proceedings of the symposium on sandalwood in the pacific.
Sandalwood is one of the materials being used from centuries and this tree is evergreen and reaches up to to 16meter height with a girth of 100 cm to 200 cm and is variable in habit, usually upright to sprawling. Growing east african sandalwood guidelines for tree growers. In fact, sandalwood keeps its fragrance for decades. The east african sandalwood is a shrub or small tree growing to a height of up to 6 m. Feb 01, 2011 the sandalwood tree by elle newmark is an excellent read, the best book ive read this year, till now. In addition to sandalwood oil, the wa sandalwood tree also produces a fruiting body, which is similar to a macadamia nut. Why plant sandalwood sandalwood presents as one of the most adaptable, useful and high value tree crops available for the. Sandalwood is the fragrant heartwood of species of genus santalum family santalaceae. To understand the influence of the host plant on sandal tree grown in. I wanted to know how india managed to hang on to her identity in spite of multitudes of foreign conquerors slogging through with new gods and new. Macromicroscopic atlas on heartwood of santalum album l. A sandalwood tree, if raised with care is approximated up to 15 kgs of fine heart wood which has oil and fragrance in 15 years.
Australian sandalwood establishment, management and production. The research is meticulous, the details exquisite, the story one of love, betrayaland love again. Santalum is a genus of woody flowering plants, the best known and commercially valuable of which is the indian sandalwood tree, s. Earlier, the government was the sole owner even if sandalwood trees grown in private lands. Sandalwood cultivation information guide agri farming. When evie first arrives in india, she says i wanted to ferret out the mystery of indias people.
The trees are maturing just as prices soar amid a production shortfall from the biggest producer india and rising demand from china. Santalaceae is a small evergreen tree distributed in south india mainly on the deccan plateau, especially in mysore and tamil nadu. Sandalwood is a type of tree with a highly aromatic fragrance. They send out specialized roots that attach to the roots of host plants, from which they suck xylem from the host plant. The ratio of heartwood to sapwood varies between sandalwood tree varieties. The sandalwood tree is highly valued for its sandalwood oil, read on to more. The potential of the tree in natural and naturalized forested areas, existing farming systems and other silvihorticultural systems across india have. It is also considered sacred in some religions and is used in different religious traditions. There are around 18 sandalwood species belonging to the genus santalum which are. It is an evergreen and parasitic or semiparasitic medium sized tree and grows up to 20m high.
Sandalwood tree stock photos download 351 royalty free. Sandalwood tree found in india, nepal, bangladesh, pakistan, sri lanka, australia, indonesia, hawaii, and pacific islands. With leaves sandalwood closeup, tree texture background. Sandalwood is expensive compared to other types of woods, so to maximize profit, sandalwood is harvested by removing the entire tree instead of sawing it down at the trunk close to ground level. Growing trees for profit is an ideal parttime or fulltime business for anyone who enjoys being outdoors and working with plants. In sanskrit it has many names like anindita, bhadrasara. Once established, sandalwood is a sensuous and potentially profitable tree to grow. Sandalwood oil, distilled from the heart wood and roots of the sandalwood tree, is one of the most valuable essential oils, valued by perfumers for its woody notes, providing a deep rich base note to perfumes and acting as a natural fixative. Wa sandalwood santalum spicatum establishment guide. This small evergreen tree grows wild in both asia and hawaii but the world so lusted after the fragrant wood and oils of sandalwood trees that commercial interests wiped out most of the groves in both regions. Sandalwood farming project report, cost and profit agri farming. The story of rangaswamy, a farmer of ragibaikanahalli in hassan district of karnataka, is very interesting. It has cultural importance and commercialmedicinal uses as well. Few tree species have paid a higher price for celebrity than the indian sandalwood santalum album.
Sep 01, 2019 the sandalwood tree is an evergreen parasitic tree that obtains nutrients from other plants. While there are over 100 species of sandalwood plants, most varieties are native to india, hawaii or australia. Newmarks the sandalwood tree is a finely nuanced tale of the enchantment of india for three womena century apartcaught in the midst of two struggles for independence from the british raj. A tree that is growing well can put on an annual increment of 1 kg per year. Trees are a valuable and renewable resource that can be grown in a tiny backyard or on a 100 acre tree. Both the wood and oil have been highly valued for centuries and sandalwood has a documented history of many applications. In india, hawaii and australia, sandalwood bark and leaves were used as a laundry soap, shampoo for dandruff and lice, and to treat wounds and body aches.
Pterocarpus santalinus, with the common names red sanders, red sandalwood, rakt chandan, and saunderswood, is a species of pterocarpus endemic to the southern eastern ghats mountain range of south india. The other states where sandal trees are found are andhra. There are two species of sandalwood that are being planted in australia for their valuable aromatic timber. This way wood from the stump and root, which possesses high levels of sandalwood oil, can also be processed and sold. Sandalwood trees flower in marchmay and the fruits mature in augustnovember. Even though its heavy, slow growing, and rather difficult to deal with, the beautiful fragrance has made it a staple of many cultures for centuries. Sandalwood oil comes from the wood and roots of santalum album, or the east indian sandalwood tree. After age 5 years, sandalwood trees can produce up to 200 mature seeds 0. The tree starts flowering at an early age of 2 to 3 years. The heartwood is dead wood that acts as a pillar of support to the tree. It is declared as vulnerable plant species iucn 2000.
Sandalwood is a low input longterm crop requiring little in the way of herbicide and pesticide use and well adapted to be established on areas of cleared farmland on many soil types and rainfall zones. Jul 28, 2015 medicinal plants sandalwood uses and images. I would like readers of the sandalwood tree to see that the same wars are fought for the same reasons over and over again, and everyone believes god is. I adore books involving longago secrets, mysterious letters, strong female protagonists and tragic love stories. Hawaiian sandalwood essential oil delivers a variety of benefits, including smoothing skin and enhancing moods. Why plant sandalwood sandalwood presents as one of the most adaptable, useful and high value tree. The indian sandalwood, scientific name santalum album is known for its therapeutic properties and is used extensively in natural treatments. Uses for an athome spa experience, fill a large bowl with. Sandalwood farming project report, cost and profit agri. It takes some three decades before a tree develops its heartwood. This small tropical tree grows to 20m high with red wood and a variety of dark colors of bark dark brown, reddish and dark grey. The trees are slow growing, usually taking about 30 years for the heartwood to reach an economically useful thickness. Santalum album is one of the ingredients in many ayurvedic and siddha formulations.
Sandalwood tree stock photos download 351 royalty free photos. The sandalwood tree by elle newmark is an excellent read, the best book ive read this year, till now. Status and cultivation of sandalwood in india usda forest service. Mature sandalwood trees weigh around 100 kg, of which 20 kg is the aromatic heartwood, which in turn produces between 600700ml of oil per tree. The present study brings out macromicroscopic atlas on heartwood of. Sandalwood contacts this sandalwood establishment guide was up to date at the time of printing and outlines the general method used to grow sandalwood. Encouragingly, this singular, semiparasitic tree has branched out with new species thriving in managed plantations in favorable ecosystems such as hawaii and australia. Sandalwood perfume ingredient, sandalwood fragrance and. Artificial incision a full view of a indian sandalwood tree santalum album five year old. Download a pdf of all fiction and nonfiction titles. Visiting an ancient majestic sandalwood tree in the wilds.
The international literary pdf quarterly cantarville as a standalone fiction piece. The heartwood of the tree is treasured for its aroma and is one of the finest natural materials for carving. Sandalwood is a name given to a class of fragrant woods that, unlike other aromatic woods, can retain their fragrance for decades. As per the current rate and the value 1 kg of heart wood fetches rs. Nationally bestselling author elle newmarks rich, sweeping novel brings to life two love stories, ninety years apart, set against the backdrop of wartorn india. Whereas the plantation grown trees produce heartwood.
The following tree seedlings are available to order from. My second novel, the sandalwood tree, addresses larger issues. This tree is valued for the rich red colour of its wood. With thousands of years of documented use, this oil has a high value to many users. Heartwood is the portion that contains sandalwood oil. The heartwood of the tree is treasured for its aroma and is one. The goal of native plants hawaii nph is to create and establish a single, comprehensive and searchable online database knowledgebase with information updated by participating nurseries and specialists. Fruit is drupe, purplish when fully matured and single seeded. The center of the tree trunk that is called the heartwood has the maximum concentration of this oil. The sandal tree, also known as chandana in india, is botanicallysantalum albuml belonging to family santalaceae. Mentioned below are the health benefits of using chandan or indian sandalwood in paste and oil form.
Jul 09, 2018 sandalwood farming project report sandalwood heartwood in sandalwood farming. This is a tree species so old that it is mentioned in the bible. The heartwood is highly prized and medicinally useful. Sandalwood nuts growing on tree, avon valley, western australia, australia sandalwood tree. Sandalwood, any semiparasitic plant of the genus santalum family santalaceae, especially the fragrant wood of the true, or white, sandalwood, santalum album. Hawaiian sandalwood has a rich, sweet, woody aroma that instills calmness and wellbeing, making it a perfect oil to incorporate into massage or. Sandalwood essential oil varieties eden botanicals.
Sandalwood trees have been cultivated since antiquity for their yellowish heartwood, which plays a major role in many oriental funeral ceremonies and religious rites. Heartwood is found beneath the outer layer known as sapwood in the sandalwood tree. Under these stress conditions, fully developed tree requires about 30 to 35 years for harvesting. The sandalwood tree by elle newmark book club discussion. Feb 21, 2017 in a climatic sweet spot running across the far northern australian outback, 15 years of patience may be about to pay off for two of the worlds biggest growers of plantation sandalwood trees.
Proceedings of the symposium on sandalwood in the pacific april 911, 1990, honolulu, hawaii technical coordinators. Sandalwood is highly valued for its aromatic scent, which is used in incense and perfume. Traded internationally for centuries, sandalwood is used. Aromatic oils produced from sandalwood trees are one of the worlds most valuable tree products. Santalum album, or indian sandalwood, is a small tropical tree, and is the most commonly known source of sandalwood. This information booklet provides a technical guide on how to raise seedlings, establish and manage sandalwood in the. Sandalwood has a sweet, woody aroma that is frequently used in meditation for its grounding effects. He owns 150 acres of high security farm land with sandalwood cultivation. Its timber and essential oil with 6% yield from the dry matter are acquired from indian sandalwood lat. Australian sandalwood santalum spicatum high value tree for low rainfall farms. Depending on variety and location, sandalwood may grow as 10foottall 3 m. Leaves are yellowishgreen and shiny above, pale green below, thick and pinnately veined. Chandan is a small evergreen tree, a partial root parasite, attaining a height of 12m.
The sandalwood trees grow well in dry, rocky and hilly terrain. Sandalwood is one of native tree species in east nusa tenggara province. This will connect local nurseries to landscape architects and home growers to promote the use and understanding of local native plants. Tropical indian sandalwood and temperate dryland australian sandalwood are two varieties that are commonly grown. What is red sanders growing red sandalwood plants in the. The trees have been cultivated for centuries for their beautiful heartwood that is used in religious rites as well as medicinally. Once established, sandalwood is a sensuous and potentially profitable tree.
500 1401 169 398 543 908 11 294 851 1445 653 890 203 864 555 1367 179 1439 203 301 105 1188 693 1509 535 261 768 203 152 381 994 1291 331 1517 1304 1484 376 760 1487 1109 125 1161 30 1018 766